Thursday, December 3, 2009
Research Journal Assignment #14
Cowen, Tyler. "Market Failure for the Treatment of Animals." Society 43.2 (2006): 39-44. Print.
The main point that the author wants to illustrate is treatment that famers and workers bring to their animals. It discusses in great detail about animal welfare and its main causes. He advocates for these animals and stresses the need for public awareness. He goes over how many animals that are killed in the United States yearly. Also he elaborates on the hot issued animal welfare groups have on these issues.
Johnson, Dan. "Defending the Rights of Chickens." Futurist 32.4 (1998): 11. Print
The Author goes over the book “Vegan: The New Ethics of Eating”. He emphasizes most of his work towards the treatment of chickens. I could conclude that the author seems to have some bias when it comes to these systems.
Matheny, , Gaverick,, and Cheryl Leahy. "Farm Animal Wellfare: Law and Contemporary Problems." Farmers Weekly 143.20 (2007): 325-58. Web. 8 Nov. 2009..
The authors of this article came from a Duke law University. The to educate the reader about animal welfare in factory farms. They discuss the treatment and the procedures that are brought upon these farm animals. Also included is the economical debt that these operations bring to table when it comes to food trade between countries and how Europe is phasing out these practices. They go over the Role of Factory Farming in The United States. These authors write in great detail about the topics and seem to be very credible on this issue.
Nierenberg, Danielle. "The Commercialization of Farming: Producing Meat for a Hungry World." USA Today Jan. 2004: 22-24. Print.
The author goes over the roles of factory farming in developing countries. His main focus is on the Philippines and the history of factory farms. He interviews a major farm that does not participate in factory farming techniques and why. He continues with the obstacles that this farm has to overcome. The author comes strait forward with the issue. His interview was critical to the persuasion of his article.
Rollin, Bernard E., and Robert Desch. "Farm Factories." Christian Century 118.35 (2006): 26. Print.
These authors go over the treatment of pigs in factory farms. They discuss the nature of these animals and what happen to them when they are put in these living environments. They go into detail about the size of a pigs stall and how it is abuse. They have a background in the study of pigs which makes them a usable source.
Sayre, Laura E. "The Hidden Link Between Factory Farms and Human Illness." Christian Century 118.35 (2006): 26. Print.
The article goes over the risks of illness that factory farms create. It further discusses the main causes that directly link to disease and sickness to these facilities. She goes over the resolution that the government and farmers came up with to combat these risks. Included is the process and procedures along with medications used by animal agriculture inhabitance. She then goes over the consequences that these antibiotics cause like; antibiotic resistance that we now see in animals and humans. This author give factual evidence that supports her discussion.
Sorensen, Jan T., Peter Sandoe, and Niels Halberg. "Animal Welfare as One among Several Values to be Considered at Farm Level: The Idea of an Ethical Account for Livestock Farming." Agriculturae Scandinavica 51.1 (2001): 11-16. Print.
The main discussion these authors what to promotes is the ethical treatment in industrial farming systems. They elaborate on factual evidence of what goes on in these farms. They talk about the farmer and perhaps the train of thought that farmer may have on the issue. They go over how the operation works from start to finish. The health of these animals is also included along with unnatural behaviors these farms create within their animals. These authors seem to be very promising and insightful because they gathered their information form 20 diferent farms. Each farm was evaluated for up to three years.
Whitcomb, Rachel. "California Prop 2 debate divides DVMs." The Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine 2008: 13. Print.
The author goes over the history of animal agriculture in California. She then explains how the public became aware of these practices and what was done. She states the process they went through and how Proposition 2 became on the voting ballet to rid these farms from their harsh treatment.
The main point that the author wants to illustrate is treatment that famers and workers bring to their animals. It discusses in great detail about animal welfare and its main causes. He advocates for these animals and stresses the need for public awareness. He goes over how many animals that are killed in the United States yearly. Also he elaborates on the hot issued animal welfare groups have on these issues.
Johnson, Dan. "Defending the Rights of Chickens." Futurist 32.4 (1998): 11. Print
The Author goes over the book “Vegan: The New Ethics of Eating”. He emphasizes most of his work towards the treatment of chickens. I could conclude that the author seems to have some bias when it comes to these systems.
Matheny, , Gaverick,, and Cheryl Leahy. "Farm Animal Wellfare: Law and Contemporary Problems." Farmers Weekly 143.20 (2007): 325-58. Web. 8 Nov. 2009.
The authors of this article came from a Duke law University. The to educate the reader about animal welfare in factory farms. They discuss the treatment and the procedures that are brought upon these farm animals. Also included is the economical debt that these operations bring to table when it comes to food trade between countries and how Europe is phasing out these practices. They go over the Role of Factory Farming in The United States. These authors write in great detail about the topics and seem to be very credible on this issue.
Nierenberg, Danielle. "The Commercialization of Farming: Producing Meat for a Hungry World." USA Today Jan. 2004: 22-24. Print.
The author goes over the roles of factory farming in developing countries. His main focus is on the Philippines and the history of factory farms. He interviews a major farm that does not participate in factory farming techniques and why. He continues with the obstacles that this farm has to overcome. The author comes strait forward with the issue. His interview was critical to the persuasion of his article.
Rollin, Bernard E., and Robert Desch. "Farm Factories." Christian Century 118.35 (2006): 26. Print.
These authors go over the treatment of pigs in factory farms. They discuss the nature of these animals and what happen to them when they are put in these living environments. They go into detail about the size of a pigs stall and how it is abuse. They have a background in the study of pigs which makes them a usable source.
Sayre, Laura E. "The Hidden Link Between Factory Farms and Human Illness." Christian Century 118.35 (2006): 26. Print.
The article goes over the risks of illness that factory farms create. It further discusses the main causes that directly link to disease and sickness to these facilities. She goes over the resolution that the government and farmers came up with to combat these risks. Included is the process and procedures along with medications used by animal agriculture inhabitance. She then goes over the consequences that these antibiotics cause like; antibiotic resistance that we now see in animals and humans. This author give factual evidence that supports her discussion.
Sorensen, Jan T., Peter Sandoe, and Niels Halberg. "Animal Welfare as One among Several Values to be Considered at Farm Level: The Idea of an Ethical Account for Livestock Farming." Agriculturae Scandinavica 51.1 (2001): 11-16. Print.
The main discussion these authors what to promotes is the ethical treatment in industrial farming systems. They elaborate on factual evidence of what goes on in these farms. They talk about the farmer and perhaps the train of thought that farmer may have on the issue. They go over how the operation works from start to finish. The health of these animals is also included along with unnatural behaviors these farms create within their animals. These authors seem to be very promising and insightful because they gathered their information form 20 diferent farms. Each farm was evaluated for up to three years.
Whitcomb, Rachel. "California Prop 2 debate divides DVMs." The Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine 2008: 13. Print.
The author goes over the history of animal agriculture in California. She then explains how the public became aware of these practices and what was done. She states the process they went through and how Proposition 2 became on the voting ballet to rid these farms from their harsh treatment.
Monday, November 30, 2009
RJA #13a: Field Research Report
My field research was conducted at a tokyo joe's. Tokyo joes is a locally owned company that prides its self on their food. This was a good resource for me to use because Tokyo Joe's uses all Natural beef and chicken products. This in turn meas that the animals products used at tokyo joes do not com from a factory farm. I talked with the manager that was on duty and asked why Tokyo Joe's supports All Natural. He claimed that it was a mixture of reasons but the two main points Tokoyo Joe's want is promote healthier food and proper treatment of farm animals. He also informed me that almost all fish products are wild and not farm raised.
RJA #13b: Annotated Bibliography, Part 1
Albright, Jack L. "History and Future of Animal Welfare Science." Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science 1.2 (1998): 145. Print.
This author goes over basically how factory farms came about and the pro and con to having them. He goes over the history and the issues that these farms had to overcome to stay in existence like; the introduction of medicine to allows these farms to house far more than ever before. He also goes over the inhumane treatment that comes with factory farming. He includes the environmental impact and what is at risk for our future. This article was good but short, he brought forward some good points and facts but needed to go into future detail to be a creditable source.
Bernstein , Mark H. Without A Tear: Our Tragic Relationship with Animals. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1998. 92-115. Print.
This author of this book discusses the treatment of animals and their rights. He dedicates a whole chapter about the procedure and inhumane treatment farm animals go through. He elaborates in much detail of the abuse and suffering brought onto the typical industrial farm animal. It would be safe to say that the author is very anti-factory farm. He does not bring to the table about how these farms feed millions of people. However, his writing about the process that these animals go through seems to be very worthy.
Blanford, David . "Animal Welfare." Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm & Resource Issues 21.3 (2006): 195-98. Print.
The main emphasis of this article is about the welfare of animals in the United States. He goes over the operations and management of the factory farming system. In detail he discusses these animals living quarters and the reasons behind them. Also he talks about the transportation and slaughtering methods. The author seems to be very pro animal rights and speaks his opinion very clearly.
Boehlje, Michael D. "Economics of Animal Agriculture Production, Processing and Marketing." Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm & Resource Issues 21.3 (2006): 159-63. Print.
This article depicts the production process and marketing when it come to animal agriculture in the United States. They go over the stake holders and stock holders roles that assist in factory farming. He goes in brief detail about the roles of the United States government and what policies where formed to combat factory farming. He goes over the advantages and disadvantages that these facilities create. This Author seemed to be very creditable and I could not depict any bias.
This author goes over basically how factory farms came about and the pro and con to having them. He goes over the history and the issues that these farms had to overcome to stay in existence like; the introduction of medicine to allows these farms to house far more than ever before. He also goes over the inhumane treatment that comes with factory farming. He includes the environmental impact and what is at risk for our future. This article was good but short, he brought forward some good points and facts but needed to go into future detail to be a creditable source.
Bernstein , Mark H. Without A Tear: Our Tragic Relationship with Animals. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1998. 92-115. Print.
This author of this book discusses the treatment of animals and their rights. He dedicates a whole chapter about the procedure and inhumane treatment farm animals go through. He elaborates in much detail of the abuse and suffering brought onto the typical industrial farm animal. It would be safe to say that the author is very anti-factory farm. He does not bring to the table about how these farms feed millions of people. However, his writing about the process that these animals go through seems to be very worthy.
Blanford, David . "Animal Welfare." Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm & Resource Issues 21.3 (2006): 195-98. Print.
The main emphasis of this article is about the welfare of animals in the United States. He goes over the operations and management of the factory farming system. In detail he discusses these animals living quarters and the reasons behind them. Also he talks about the transportation and slaughtering methods. The author seems to be very pro animal rights and speaks his opinion very clearly.
Boehlje, Michael D. "Economics of Animal Agriculture Production, Processing and Marketing." Choices: The Magazine of Food, Farm & Resource Issues 21.3 (2006): 159-63. Print.
This article depicts the production process and marketing when it come to animal agriculture in the United States. They go over the stake holders and stock holders roles that assist in factory farming. He goes in brief detail about the roles of the United States government and what policies where formed to combat factory farming. He goes over the advantages and disadvantages that these facilities create. This Author seemed to be very creditable and I could not depict any bias.
RJA #12b: Presentation Plan
I plan on discussing the issues that factory farming cause. This includes supplementation, living quarters, slaughtering practices and so fourth. I also plan to go over the history of factory farming and how they contribute to oursociety. I will include 2 to 3 visual aids to help emphasize my topic.
RJA #12a: Progress Report–
(1) what I have accomplished
- All twelve references
- Into completed
- Bibliography
- Write paper
- Use proper citation style
Monday, November 2, 2009
RJA #11b: Visual Aids
1) Pictures of abused animals
2) Graphs on animal cruelty
3) Pictures of what a factory farm consist of
4) A chart that shows fines rendered
5) A bar graph that show the over all growth in food production
2) Graphs on animal cruelty
3) Pictures of what a factory farm consist of
4) A chart that shows fines rendered
5) A bar graph that show the over all growth in food production
RJA #11a: Introduction
Industrial farming was developed to help mass produce food. This also stimulated the economy and helped lower food cost. These farms help the United States export business by providing food to countries around the world. With the creation of these farms came disease, pollution, and animal cruelty. These are not your traditional farms anymore but mere businesses that looks for the greatest profit. These farms are built to operate as efficient as possible, to bring in the most food profit for the farmer. This creates a big problem for the animals that are being farmed. These animals will no longer be treated as an animal but more like a commodity. There living conditions will be altered to unsuitable levels, they will be pumped full of medications to help combat disease and stimulate growth. Their bodies will be mutilated to keep them from fighting back or becoming a nescience. Animal abuse is a common and known practice in today's farming industry. Industrial farming is a capitalistic business that has no regard for the over well being of their animals.
Monday, October 26, 2009
RJA #10b: Argument
Reason 1 It is inhumane to treat animals this way
evidence 1 Animals are treated more or less more like a commodity. They are born and raised in unrealistic living environments
Reason 2 Animals are given drugs to stimulate hunger & growth. This is unnatural and produces health problems within these animals
evidence 2
Reason 3 Some animals body's are manipulated to keep them from becoming a nuisance to the farmer
Evidence 3 Chickens beaks are cut off to keep them from peaking at other chickens, Pigs ears are cut to identify them
Reason 4 Slaughtering techniques are inhumane and unethical
Evidence 4 Cows are hit over the head, which is to knock them unconscious, but in most cases this does not work and they are slaughtered conscience
objection1 Industrial Framing creates a cheaper product for the consumer
refutation 1 By the time these farms get done paying their fines for animal cruelty the coast would be about the same
objection 2 Drug induced animals creates a better product and helps combat disease
refutation 2 When disease first came about was right at the time factory farming was created. The only reason these animals need these drugs that combat disease is because of there living environment
evidence 1 Animals are treated more or less more like a commodity. They are born and raised in unrealistic living environments
Reason 2 Animals are given drugs to stimulate hunger & growth. This is unnatural and produces health problems within these animals
evidence 2
Reason 3 Some animals body's are manipulated to keep them from becoming a nuisance to the farmer
Evidence 3 Chickens beaks are cut off to keep them from peaking at other chickens, Pigs ears are cut to identify them
Reason 4 Slaughtering techniques are inhumane and unethical
Evidence 4 Cows are hit over the head, which is to knock them unconscious, but in most cases this does not work and they are slaughtered conscience
objection1 Industrial Framing creates a cheaper product for the consumer
refutation 1 By the time these farms get done paying their fines for animal cruelty the coast would be about the same
objection 2 Drug induced animals creates a better product and helps combat disease
refutation 2 When disease first came about was right at the time factory farming was created. The only reason these animals need these drugs that combat disease is because of there living environment
RJA #10a: Thesis Statement
Research Question: Are today farming practices inhumane?
Thesis Statement- Animal abuse is a common and known practice in today's farming industry. Industrial farming is a capitalistic business that has no regard for the over well being of their animals.
Thesis Statement- Animal abuse is a common and known practice in today's farming industry. Industrial farming is a capitalistic business that has no regard for the over well being of their animals.
Monday, October 19, 2009
RJA #9: Evaluation of Sources
Periodical Articles
#1 From Red Barn to Facility: Changing Environmental Liability to Fit the Changing Structure of Livestock Production - http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/209788582&referer=brief_results
Source: CALIFORNIA LAW REVIEW
#2 Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/363827878&referer=brief_results
Resources: 1 Aarestrup F Association between the consumption of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry and the occurrence of resistant bacteria among food animals Int J Antimicrob Agents 1999; 12: 279-852 Aarestrup F, Seyfarth A, Emborg H Effect of abolishment of the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion on occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal enterococci from food animals in Denmark Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 2054-93 Beuchat L, Ryu J Produce handling and processing practices Emerg Infect Dis 1997; 3: 459-654 Chiu C, Wu T, Su L The emergence in Taiwan of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 413-95 Falkow S, Kennedy D Antibiotics, animals, and people-again! Science 2001; 291: 3976 Fey P, Safranek T, Rupp M Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella infection acquired by a child from cattle N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1242-97 Glynn M, Bopp C, Dewitt W Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104 infections in the United States N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1333-88 Goldman E We need answers on anthrax 2001; Letters to the editor of the New York Times, November 2, 2001. Available at9 Gorbach S Antimicrobial use in animal feed-time to stop N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1202-310 Greko C Antibiotics as growth promoters Acta Vet Scand Suppl 1999; 92: 87-10011 Gustafson R, Bowen R Antimicrobial use in animal agriculture J Appl Microbiol 1997; 83: 531-4112 Hamer D, Gill C From the farm to the kitchen table: The negative impact of antimicrobial use in animals on humans Nutr Rev 2002; 60: 261-413 Hayes J, McIntosh A, Qaiyumi S High-frequency recovery of quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from the poultry production environment J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 2298-914 Hilborn E, Mermin J, Mshar P A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with consumption of mesclun lettuce Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1758-6415 Jensen L, Hammerum A, Poulsen R Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains with highly similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns containing similar Tn1546-like elements isolated from a hospitalized patient and pigs in Denmark Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43: 724-516 Jukes T The history of the “antibiotic growth effectCloseCurlyDoubleQuote Fed Proc 1977; 36: 2514-817 Levy S The challenge of antimicrobial resistance Sci Amer 1998; 278: 46-5318 Lieberman P, Wootan M 1998; Available at19 Marwick C Animal feed antibiotic use raises drug resistance fear JAMA 1999; 282: 120-220 McDonald L, Rossiter S, Mackinson C Quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium on chicken and in human stool specimens N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1155-6021 Mead P, Slutsker L, Dietz V Food-related illness and death in the United States Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5: 607-2522 Mellon M, Benbrook C, Benbrook K 2001; Available at23 Molbak K, Baggesen D, Aarestrup F An outbreak of multidrug-resistant, quinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhinurium DT104 N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1420-524 O'Brien T Emergence, spread, and environmental effect of antimicrobial resistance: How use of an antimicrobial anywhere can increase resistance to any antimicrobial anywhere else Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: S78-8425 Shnayerson M, Plotkin M The Killers Within: The Deadly Rise of Drug-Resistant Bacteria (ISBN: 0316713317) Little, Brown, NY 2002; Chapter one available at26 Sieradzki K, Roberts R, Haber S The development of vancomycin resistance in a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 517-2327 Smith K, Besser J, Hedberg C Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992-1998 Investigation Team 1999; 340: 1525-3228 Smith T, Pearson M, Wilcox K Emergence of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 493-50129 Solomon E, Yaron S, Matthews K Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated manure and irrigation water to lettuce plant tissue and its subsequent internalization Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68: 397-40030 S oslash rensen T, Blom M, Monnet D Transient intestinal carriage after ingestion of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecium from chicken and pork N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1161-631 Swartz M Human diseases caused by foodborne pathogens of animal origin Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: S111-2232 Thompson C, Fink D, Nguyen L Principles of microbial alchemy: Insights from the Streptomyces coelicolor genome sequence Genome Biol 2002; 3: REVIEWS102033 Wachtel M, Whitehand L, Mandrell R Association of E coli O157:H7 with preharvest leaf lettuce upon exposure to contaminated irrigation water J Food Prot 2002; 65: 18-2534 Wegener H, Aarestrup F, Jensen L Use of antimicrobial growth promoters in food animals and Enterococcus faecium resistance to therapeutic antimicrobial drugs in Europe Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5: 329-3535 White D, Zhao S, Sudler R The isolation of antibiotic-resistant salmonella from retail ground meats N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1147-5436 White D, Zhao S, Simjee S Antimicrobial resistance of foodborne pathogens Microbes Infect 2002; 4: 405-1237 Witte W Selective pressure by antibiotic use in livestock Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000; 16: S19-2438 Wu T, Su L, Chia J Molecular epidemiology of nalidixic acid-resistant campylobacter isolates from humans and poultry by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flagellin gene analysis Epidemiol Infect 2002; 129: 227-3139 Yoshimura H, Ishimaru M, Endoh Y Antimicrobial susceptibilities of enterococci isolated from faeces of broiler and layer chickens Lett Appl Microbiol 2000; 31: 427-32
Websites:
#3 http://www.animalawareness.org/pages/types_farming.html
#4 Internet Public Library - http://worldfarming.com/
Books
#5 Review of the market structure of the livestock industry - http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/226050591&referer=brief_results
#6 Meat market : animals, ethics, & money By: Erik Marcus -http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/55962321&referer=brief_results
The articles, books and websites above seem to all have credible sources. The articles are scholarly journals and the websites that I choose to use seem to be a non bias source that provides factual evidence to support my topic.
#1 From Red Barn to Facility: Changing Environmental Liability to Fit the Changing Structure of Livestock Production - http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/209788582&referer=brief_results
Source: CALIFORNIA LAW REVIEW
#2 Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/363827878&referer=brief_results
Resources: 1 Aarestrup F Association between the consumption of antimicrobial agents in animal husbandry and the occurrence of resistant bacteria among food animals Int J Antimicrob Agents 1999; 12: 279-852 Aarestrup F, Seyfarth A, Emborg H Effect of abolishment of the use of antimicrobial agents for growth promotion on occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal enterococci from food animals in Denmark Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2001; 45: 2054-93 Beuchat L, Ryu J Produce handling and processing practices Emerg Infect Dis 1997; 3: 459-654 Chiu C, Wu T, Su L The emergence in Taiwan of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 413-95 Falkow S, Kennedy D Antibiotics, animals, and people-again! Science 2001; 291: 3976 Fey P, Safranek T, Rupp M Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella infection acquired by a child from cattle N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 1242-97 Glynn M, Bopp C, Dewitt W Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104 infections in the United States N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1333-88 Goldman E We need answers on anthrax 2001; Letters to the editor of the New York Times, November 2, 2001. Available at9 Gorbach S Antimicrobial use in animal feed-time to stop N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1202-310 Greko C Antibiotics as growth promoters Acta Vet Scand Suppl 1999; 92: 87-10011 Gustafson R, Bowen R Antimicrobial use in animal agriculture J Appl Microbiol 1997; 83: 531-4112 Hamer D, Gill C From the farm to the kitchen table: The negative impact of antimicrobial use in animals on humans Nutr Rev 2002; 60: 261-413 Hayes J, McIntosh A, Qaiyumi S High-frequency recovery of quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from the poultry production environment J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39: 2298-914 Hilborn E, Mermin J, Mshar P A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with consumption of mesclun lettuce Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 1758-6415 Jensen L, Hammerum A, Poulsen R Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strains with highly similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns containing similar Tn1546-like elements isolated from a hospitalized patient and pigs in Denmark Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43: 724-516 Jukes T The history of the “antibiotic growth effectCloseCurlyDoubleQuote Fed Proc 1977; 36: 2514-817 Levy S The challenge of antimicrobial resistance Sci Amer 1998; 278: 46-5318 Lieberman P, Wootan M 1998; Available at19 Marwick C Animal feed antibiotic use raises drug resistance fear JAMA 1999; 282: 120-220 McDonald L, Rossiter S, Mackinson C Quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant Enterococcus faecium on chicken and in human stool specimens N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1155-6021 Mead P, Slutsker L, Dietz V Food-related illness and death in the United States Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5: 607-2522 Mellon M, Benbrook C, Benbrook K 2001; Available at23 Molbak K, Baggesen D, Aarestrup F An outbreak of multidrug-resistant, quinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhinurium DT104 N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1420-524 O'Brien T Emergence, spread, and environmental effect of antimicrobial resistance: How use of an antimicrobial anywhere can increase resistance to any antimicrobial anywhere else Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: S78-8425 Shnayerson M, Plotkin M The Killers Within: The Deadly Rise of Drug-Resistant Bacteria (ISBN: 0316713317) Little, Brown, NY 2002; Chapter one available at26 Sieradzki K, Roberts R, Haber S The development of vancomycin resistance in a patient with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 517-2327 Smith K, Besser J, Hedberg C Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992-1998 Investigation Team 1999; 340: 1525-3228 Smith T, Pearson M, Wilcox K Emergence of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 493-50129 Solomon E, Yaron S, Matthews K Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated manure and irrigation water to lettuce plant tissue and its subsequent internalization Appl Environ Microbiol 2002; 68: 397-40030 S oslash rensen T, Blom M, Monnet D Transient intestinal carriage after ingestion of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecium from chicken and pork N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1161-631 Swartz M Human diseases caused by foodborne pathogens of animal origin Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34: S111-2232 Thompson C, Fink D, Nguyen L Principles of microbial alchemy: Insights from the Streptomyces coelicolor genome sequence Genome Biol 2002; 3: REVIEWS102033 Wachtel M, Whitehand L, Mandrell R Association of E coli O157:H7 with preharvest leaf lettuce upon exposure to contaminated irrigation water J Food Prot 2002; 65: 18-2534 Wegener H, Aarestrup F, Jensen L Use of antimicrobial growth promoters in food animals and Enterococcus faecium resistance to therapeutic antimicrobial drugs in Europe Emerg Infect Dis 1999; 5: 329-3535 White D, Zhao S, Sudler R The isolation of antibiotic-resistant salmonella from retail ground meats N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 1147-5436 White D, Zhao S, Simjee S Antimicrobial resistance of foodborne pathogens Microbes Infect 2002; 4: 405-1237 Witte W Selective pressure by antibiotic use in livestock Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000; 16: S19-2438 Wu T, Su L, Chia J Molecular epidemiology of nalidixic acid-resistant campylobacter isolates from humans and poultry by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flagellin gene analysis Epidemiol Infect 2002; 129: 227-3139 Yoshimura H, Ishimaru M, Endoh Y Antimicrobial susceptibilities of enterococci isolated from faeces of broiler and layer chickens Lett Appl Microbiol 2000; 31: 427-32
Websites:
#3 http://www.animalawareness.org/pages/types_farming.html
#4 Internet Public Library - http://worldfarming.com/
Books
#5 Review of the market structure of the livestock industry - http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/226050591&referer=brief_results
#6 Meat market : animals, ethics, & money By: Erik Marcus -http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/55962321&referer=brief_results
The articles, books and websites above seem to all have credible sources. The articles are scholarly journals and the websites that I choose to use seem to be a non bias source that provides factual evidence to support my topic.
Monday, October 12, 2009
RJA #8c: Multimedia
Multimedia
Keywords used : Factory Farming
Date of Search: 10/12/2009
Video Search Engines Blinkx.com
http://www.blinkx.com/videos/Factory+Farming
http://www.blinkx.com/video/factory-farming-montage/eewwkjuErWDCRiUL_PfaMw
http://www.blinkx.com/video/factory-farming-today/SKIhoWjy9q-HkP7xgI8SlQ
Video Search Engines VideoSurf
http://www.videosurf.com/video/factory-farming-56017741
http://www.videosurf.com/video/factory-farming-72998479
Keywords used : Factory Farming
Date of Search: 10/12/2009
Video Search Engines Blinkx.com
http://www.blinkx.com/videos/Factory+Farming
http://www.blinkx.com/video/factory-farming-montage/eewwkjuErWDCRiUL_PfaMw
http://www.blinkx.com/video/factory-farming-today/SKIhoWjy9q-HkP7xgI8SlQ
Video Search Engines VideoSurf
http://www.videosurf.com/video/factory-farming-56017741
http://www.videosurf.com/video/factory-farming-72998479
RJA #8b: Social Media
Social Media: Feed Mill
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://feedmil.com/feedview?q=Factory+Farming&urlhash=7c34a5d3b21d60320529e6cfdd7f1b3e&v=
http://feedmil.com/feedview?q=Factory+Farming&urlhash=ad59459803f5c29a12e96f49ced2779e&v=
Social Media: Google Blog Search
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://gajitz.com/could-pain-free-animals-end-factory-farm-suffering/
http://www.care2.com/news/member/364341163/1264305
Date of Search: 10/12/2009
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://feedmil.com/feedview?q=Factory+Farming&urlhash=7c34a5d3b21d60320529e6cfdd7f1b3e&v=
http://feedmil.com/feedview?q=Factory+Farming&urlhash=ad59459803f5c29a12e96f49ced2779e&v=
Social Media: Google Blog Search
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://gajitz.com/could-pain-free-animals-end-factory-farm-suffering/
http://www.care2.com/news/member/364341163/1264305
Date of Search: 10/12/2009
RJA #8a: Websites
Websites
Search Engines: Google
Keywords used : Factory Farming
http://www.animalawareness.org/pages/types_farming.html
http://www.hsus.org/farm/
http://www.thewe.cc/weplanet/valued_life/humans_and_animals.htm
Meta and Multi Search Engines: Metacrawler
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://www.factoryfarm.org/
http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/factoryfarming/
http://www.hfa.org/about/index.html
http://www.idausa.org/facts/factoryfarmfacts.html
Directories: Internet Public Library
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://worldfarming.com/
Invisible Web Search Tools: Incywincy
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://members.fortunecity.com/ricardo005/Ricardo4you/id5.html
http://www.animalvoices.org/
Date of search : 10/12/2009
Search Engines: Google
Keywords used : Factory Farming
http://www.animalawareness.org/pages/types_farming.html
http://www.hsus.org/farm/
http://www.thewe.cc/weplanet/valued_life/humans_and_animals.htm
Meta and Multi Search Engines: Metacrawler
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://www.factoryfarm.org/
http://www.sustainabletable.org/issues/factoryfarming/
http://www.hfa.org/about/index.html
http://www.idausa.org/facts/factoryfarmfacts.html
Directories: Internet Public Library
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://worldfarming.com/
Invisible Web Search Tools: Incywincy
Keywords used: Factory Farming
http://members.fortunecity.com/ricardo005/Ricardo4you/id5.html
http://www.animalvoices.org/
Date of search : 10/12/2009
RJA #7c: Field Research Plan
I have decided for my filed research plan that I would go to a farm and see first hand how farms operate here in Colorado. I would like to find a local farm that produces a large quantity of either beef, chicken, or eggs. I would like to see how farms treat their animals and what the living situations include for these farm animals. If possible, I would like to interview one of the farmers on how production works, their opinion on how the animals are treated, what kinds of drugs are administered to their animals and the purpose of these drugs.
Monday, October 5, 2009
RJA #7b: Internet Research Tool Test
Resource searched: Incywincy http://www.incywincy.com
Keywords used: Animal Abuse, Factory Farming, Departmenmt of Agriculture, United States, Antibiotic Abuse, Health concerns, Rules and regulations, Animal Wellfare
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Animal Abuse + Factory Farming, Departmenmt of Agriculture AND United States AND Antibiotic Abuse, Antibiotic Abuse + Health concerns, Departmenmt of Agriculture + Rules and Regulations, Animal Wellfare AND Factory Farming
Date of search: 10/05/2005
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Keywords used: Animal Abuse, Factory Farming, Departmenmt of Agriculture, United States, Antibiotic Abuse, Health concerns, Rules and regulations, Animal Wellfare
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Animal Abuse + Factory Farming, Departmenmt of Agriculture AND United States AND Antibiotic Abuse, Antibiotic Abuse + Health concerns, Departmenmt of Agriculture + Rules and Regulations, Animal Wellfare AND Factory Farming
Date of search: 10/05/2005
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
RJA #7a: Internet Research Tools
The only search engine that I use is google. http://www.google.com Google typically gives me the information that I need as long as I have the proper knowledge on the subject that I am researching. However, if I am not knowledgeable on the subject that I am researching, it can become quite frustrating. It does not give me the information that I need and takes me much longer to find quality links that I can use. I will sometimes use Yahoo as a search engine but it is very rare if I do. http://www.yahoo.com I have become accustomed to using google. If I am doing a research assignment I use the auraria library website.http://library.auraria.edu/ The information that is availbile on auraria library website is more useful and is more credible then using a websites like google or yahoo when typing a research paper.
RJA #6b: Search Strings
Animal Abuse + Factory Farming
Departmenmt of Agriculture + Animal Abuse
Departmenmt of Agriculture + Rules + Farming
Farming Practicies + United States
Animal + Food + Process
Antibiotic Abuse AND Animals AND Farming
Framing + Treatment + Animals
Health risk AND Farming
Departmenmt of Agriculture + Animal Abuse
Departmenmt of Agriculture + Rules + Farming
Farming Practicies + United States
Animal + Food + Process
Antibiotic Abuse AND Animals AND Farming
Framing + Treatment + Animals
Health risk AND Farming
Thursday, September 24, 2009
RJA #6a: Periodical Articles
Name(s) of author(s) Swanson, Janice C.
Title of article - Animal Machines: The New Factory Farming Industry/Farm Animal Welfare: Social, Bioethical and Research Issues/Farm Animals: Husbandry, Behavior, and Veterinary Practice
Title of periodical
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 1 Issue 2
Date 1998
Pages on which article appears p167, 8p
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used Factory Farming, Animal Abuse, United States
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Factory Farming AND Animal Abuse AND United States
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Name(s) of author(s) Brehm, Susan M.
Title of article - From Red Barn to Facility: Changing Environmental Liability to Fit the Changing Structure of Livestock Production
Title of periodical
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 93 Issue 3
Date May2005
Pages on which article appears p797-846, 50p
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used US FaRMING PRACTICES, FOOD PRODUCTION
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) US FaRMING AND PRACTICES AND FOOD PRODUCTION
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Title of article - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Title of periodical - Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 10 Issue 1
Date Feb2004
Pages on which article appears p121-134
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used Factory Farming, Department of Agriculture, United States
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Factory Farming AND Department of Agriculture AND United States
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Title of article - Animal Machines: The New Factory Farming Industry/Farm Animal Welfare: Social, Bioethical and Research Issues/Farm Animals: Husbandry, Behavior, and Veterinary Practice
Title of periodical
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 1 Issue 2
Date 1998
Pages on which article appears p167, 8p
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used Factory Farming, Animal Abuse, United States
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Factory Farming AND Animal Abuse AND United States
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Name(s) of author(s) Brehm, Susan M.
Title of article - From Red Barn to Facility: Changing Environmental Liability to Fit the Changing Structure of Livestock Production
Title of periodical
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 93 Issue 3
Date May2005
Pages on which article appears p797-846, 50p
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used US FaRMING PRACTICES, FOOD PRODUCTION
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) US FaRMING AND PRACTICES AND FOOD PRODUCTION
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Title of article - Human & Ecological Risk Assessment
Title of periodical - Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens
Volume and issue number (if available) Vol. 10 Issue 1
Date Feb2004
Pages on which article appears p121-134
Resource searched Ebsco
Keywords used Factory Farming, Department of Agriculture, United States
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches) Factory Farming AND Department of Agriculture AND United States
Date of search 9/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
RJA #5b: Books
Auraria Library
http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/226050591&referer=brief_results
#1 Name(s) of author(s), editor(s), translator(s), and/or compiler(s) United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture. Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry
Title and subtitle of the book: Review of the market structure of the livestock industry : hearing before the Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, April 17, 2007.
Edition number or information: Book : National government publication : eBook : English
Number(s) of volume used
Name of series
Place of publication (include state if needed) Washington
Name of publisher- U.S. G.P.O
Date of publication (copyright)- 2008
Resource searched - Auraria Library
Keywords used -livestock industry + United Steates
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Date of search - 09/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/oclc/226050591&referer=brief_results
#1 Name(s) of author(s), editor(s), translator(s), and/or compiler(s) United States. Congress. House. Committee on Agriculture. Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry
Title and subtitle of the book: Review of the market structure of the livestock industry : hearing before the Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry of the Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, first session, April 17, 2007.
Edition number or information: Book : National government publication : eBook : English
Number(s) of volume used
Name of series
Place of publication (include state if needed) Washington
Name of publisher- U.S. G.P.O
Date of publication (copyright)- 2008
Resource searched - Auraria Library
Keywords used -livestock industry + United Steates
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Date of search - 09/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
#2 Name(s) of author(s), editor(s), translator(s), and/or compiler(s) : Shasta Gaughen
Title and subtitle of the book: Animal rights
Edition number or information: Book
Place of publication (include state if needed) San Diego
Name of publisher- Greenhaven Press
Date of publication (copyright) 2005
Resource searched - Auraria Library
Keywords used -Animal rights
Date of search - 09/24/2009
#3 Name(s) of author(s), editor(s), translator(s), and/or compiler(s) :Erik Marcus
Title and subtitle of the book: Meat market : animals, ethics, & money
Edition number or information: Book : English : 1st ed
Place of publication (include state if needed) Boston, Mass
Name of publisher- Brio Press
Date of publication (copyright) 2005
Resource searched - Auraria Library
Keywords used -animals, ethics
Date of search - 09/24/2009
Wednesday, September 23, 2009
RJA #5a: Reference Articles
WorldCat.org/Auraria Library
http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/
#1 Name(s) of author(s) of the article: Emanuel Goldman
Title of the article: Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens
Place of publication (include state if needed):
Name of publisher: Taylor & Francis
Date of publication: 2004
Page number(s): 121-134
Resource searched-Auraria Library
Keywords used-Factory Farming + Animal abuse date of search-09/24/2009
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Date of search- 09/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
#2 Name(s) of author(s) of the article: SP Oliver; DA Patel; TR Callaway; ME Torrence
Title of the article: ASAS Centennial Paper: Developments and future outlook for preharvest food safety
Place of publication (include state if needed): Journal of animal science
Name of publisher: From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Date of publication: 2009 Jan
Page number(s): 87(1): 419-37
Resource searched-Auraria Library
Keywords used- Food Safety
Date of search-09/24/2009
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
http://aurarialibrary.worldcat.org/
#1 Name(s) of author(s) of the article: Emanuel Goldman
Title of the article: Antibiotic Abuse in Animal Agriculture: Exacerbating Drug Resistance in Human Pathogens
Place of publication (include state if needed):
Name of publisher: Taylor & Francis
Date of publication: 2004
Page number(s): 121-134
Resource searched-Auraria Library
Keywords used-Factory Farming + Animal abuse date of search-09/24/2009
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Date of search- 09/24/2009
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
#2 Name(s) of author(s) of the article: SP Oliver; DA Patel; TR Callaway; ME Torrence
Title of the article: ASAS Centennial Paper: Developments and future outlook for preharvest food safety
Place of publication (include state if needed): Journal of animal science
Name of publisher: From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Date of publication: 2009 Jan
Page number(s): 87(1): 419-37
Resource searched-Auraria Library
Keywords used- Food Safety
Date of search-09/24/2009
Search strategies used (including operators and types of searches)
Number of hits
Relevance of hits (on a scale of 1 to 5)
Thursday, September 17, 2009
Class websites
Classroom website
http://4rxt.wordpress.com/
Student websites
http://eng1020ec.wetpaint.com/page/Students+Pages
Protopage
http://www.protopage.com/cmahana
http://4rxt.wordpress.com/
Student websites
http://eng1020ec.wetpaint.com/page/Students+Pages
Protopage
http://www.protopage.com/cmahana
Wednesday, September 16, 2009
RJA# 4b: Writing SearchStrings
Writing SearchStrings
Animal + Abuse
Factory + Farming
Animal abuse AND Farming
Animals + Farming + Hormones
FDA AND Farming
FDA + Rules + Farming
Animal Cruelty AND Farming
Farming + Practicies + USA
Animal + Food + Process
Hormones + Health + Farming
Framing + Treatment + Animals
Health risk + Farming
Animal + Abuse
Factory + Farming
Animal abuse AND Farming
Animals + Farming + Hormones
FDA AND Farming
FDA + Rules + Farming
Animal Cruelty AND Farming
Farming + Practicies + USA
Animal + Food + Process
Hormones + Health + Farming
Framing + Treatment + Animals
Health risk + Farming
RJA #4a: Generating Keywords
FOREST LOG.
What are today's animal farming practices?
FO Forms
Aniaml : animals, food, pets
Farming: Farm, agriculture, production,
Parcticies: practice,
RE Related Terms
Treatment, Care, Health, Consiquence, Ethics, Effects
ST Synonymous Terms
Aniaml : beast, brute, creature, critter
Farming: Farm, husbandry
Parcticies: practice
LOG Ladder of Generalization
What are today's animal farming practices?
FO Forms
Aniaml : animals, food, pets
Farming: Farm, agriculture, production,
Parcticies: practice,
RE Related Terms
Treatment, Care, Health, Consiquence, Ethics, Effects
ST Synonymous Terms
Aniaml : beast, brute, creature, critter
Farming: Farm, husbandry
Parcticies: practice
LOG Ladder of Generalization
RJA #3c: Developing Research Question
Research Questions
Are animal farming practices ethical?
Can these hormones produce ant long term effects?
What kind of laws are there to regulate farming practices?
Do animals have rights?
What organizations keep the public safe?
How can we reduce animal cruelty in farming?
What are the reasons for treatment?
What do these hormones do to the animals?
What does factory farming mean?
Are the consequences stern enough?
Is the public aware in the products that come from these farms?
Is this topic more about politics and economics?
What is farming subsidies and why do we have them?
Are animal farming practices ethical?
Can these hormones produce ant long term effects?
What kind of laws are there to regulate farming practices?
Do animals have rights?
What organizations keep the public safe?
How can we reduce animal cruelty in farming?
What are the reasons for treatment?
What do these hormones do to the animals?
What does factory farming mean?
Are the consequences stern enough?
Is the public aware in the products that come from these farms?
Is this topic more about politics and economics?
What is farming subsidies and why do we have them?
RJA #3b: Narrowing Research Topic
Narrowing down my topic
I think that by narrowing down my topic would dilute the purpose on what my topic needs to cover. I could just cover animal cruelty in farming or the hormones that are being used in today's farming systems, but I believe that they co inside with each other. However, I do believe that I need to focus on commercialized farming and on private farming.
I think that by narrowing down my topic would dilute the purpose on what my topic needs to cover. I could just cover animal cruelty in farming or the hormones that are being used in today's farming systems, but I believe that they co inside with each other. However, I do believe that I need to focus on commercialized farming and on private farming.
Saturday, September 12, 2009
RJA #3a: Exploring a Research Topic
Google
http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/rbgh_hormo.cfm
http://envirocancer.cornell.edu/Factsheet/Diet/fs37.hormones.cfm
http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2009-03-15-dairy-growth-hormone-ban_N.htm
http://healthychild.org/blog/comments/6_steps_to_reduce_exposure_to_synthetic_hormones_in_food/
Google Scholar
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Sh-UAhfc41UC&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=animals+treatment+in+farming&ots=qFBBEsFCUN&sig=WrjC6KQUc3igU7_rSy3X12i3NIw#v=onepage&q=animals%20treatment%20in%20farming&f=false
http://www.estig.ipbeja.pt/~ac_direito/animals.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-635X2006000300001&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_farming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_welfare
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeranol
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenbolone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melengestrol
http://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/rbgh_hormo.cfm
http://envirocancer.cornell.edu/Factsheet/Diet/fs37.hormones.cfm
http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2009-03-15-dairy-growth-hormone-ban_N.htm
http://healthychild.org/blog/comments/6_steps_to_reduce_exposure_to_synthetic_hormones_in_food/
Google Scholar
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Sh-UAhfc41UC&oi=fnd&pg=PR8&dq=animals+treatment+in+farming&ots=qFBBEsFCUN&sig=WrjC6KQUc3igU7_rSy3X12i3NIw#v=onepage&q=animals%20treatment%20in%20farming&f=false
http://www.estig.ipbeja.pt/~ac_direito/animals.pdf
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S1516-635X2006000300001&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en
Wikipedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_farming
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_welfare
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeranol
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenbolone
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melengestrol
Thursday, August 27, 2009
RJA #2b: Possible Topics
Health and Safety in today’s food industry?
I decided to do my research paper on the current health practices that are being used in the American food industry. This is a fascinating topic for me because I am really into nutrition and health. I also believe that many animals are being abused by farmers who inhibit these animals. By researching and writing a paper on this topic will only increase my knowledge about this subject ,but will also expose any facts or myths regarding the accusations being said about these food producers .
My knowledge on this subject is little to none. What I do know is that today animals are being pumped full of antibiotics, hormones, and various types of medications to produce what our food producers feel is ideal for the general public. However, I do not know if there are any repercussions due to these practices. Many farmers are using unethical practices when it comes to the treatment of these animals.
What I would like to learn about this topic is whether or not these antibiotics, hormones, and medications that is put in these animals have any long term effects. These effects include; the consumer who is purchasing them for consumption and the animals that are being filled full of these drugs. I would also like to find out if these practices ethical, not only for humans but for the animals as well. If so what is being done to keep the public safe, and who regulates how these animals are to be treated before slaughter? Do these practices allow more affordable foods to the public? Also our government sets the rules and guidelines for the food industry to abide by but are they being followed and is it enough?
I decided to do my research paper on the current health practices that are being used in the American food industry. This is a fascinating topic for me because I am really into nutrition and health. I also believe that many animals are being abused by farmers who inhibit these animals. By researching and writing a paper on this topic will only increase my knowledge about this subject ,but will also expose any facts or myths regarding the accusations being said about these food producers .
My knowledge on this subject is little to none. What I do know is that today animals are being pumped full of antibiotics, hormones, and various types of medications to produce what our food producers feel is ideal for the general public. However, I do not know if there are any repercussions due to these practices. Many farmers are using unethical practices when it comes to the treatment of these animals.
What I would like to learn about this topic is whether or not these antibiotics, hormones, and medications that is put in these animals have any long term effects. These effects include; the consumer who is purchasing them for consumption and the animals that are being filled full of these drugs. I would also like to find out if these practices ethical, not only for humans but for the animals as well. If so what is being done to keep the public safe, and who regulates how these animals are to be treated before slaughter? Do these practices allow more affordable foods to the public? Also our government sets the rules and guidelines for the food industry to abide by but are they being followed and is it enough?
Thursday, August 20, 2009
Research Journal Assignment #1: Areas of Academic Interest–Clayton Mahana
Research Paper topics
- Doping in Sports
- Religion in modern day America/ government
- Alcohol laws are they justifiable or do they need to be revised
- Are all forms of Insurance in America justifiable
- Government spending tax payers money on illegitimate causes
- Advertisement that targets children
- Obesity in the United States
- Obama's health care plan
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